What is DML, DDL, DCL and TCL ?

DML

DML is  Data Manipulation Language. It is used to retrieve, store, modify, delete, insert and update data in database.

Examples: SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT statements

DDL

DDL is  Data Definition Language. It is used to create and modify the structure of database objects in database.

Examples: CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements

DCL

DCL is Data Control Language. It is used to create roles, permissions, and referential integrity as well it is used to control access to database by securing it.

Examples: GRANT, REVOKE statements

TCL

TCL is Transactional Control Language. It is used to manage different transactions occurring within a database.

Examples: COMMIT, ROLLBACK statements